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THE GOSPEL OF BUDDHA

According to old records

Told by

PAUL CARUS

Fourth, revised edition

            Chicago The open Court Publishing company

            1896

PREFACE

This booklet needs no preface for him who is familiar with the sacred books of Buddhism, which have been made accessible to the Western world by the indefatigable zeal and industry of scholars like Burnouf, Hodgson, Bigandet, Buhler, Foucaux, Senart, Weber, Fausboll, Alexander Csoma, Wassijew, Rhys Davids, F. Max Muller, Childers, Oldenberg, Schiefner, Eitel, Beal, and Spence Hardy. To those not familiar with the subject it may be stated that the bulk of its contents deride from the old Buddhist canon. Many passages, and indeed the most important ones, are literally copied from the translation of the original texts. Some are rendered rather freely in order to make them intelligible to the present generation. Others have been rearranged; still others are abbreviatied. Besides the three introductory and the three concluding chapters there are only a few purely original additionss, which, however, are neither mere literary embellishments nor deviations from Buddhist doctrines. They contain nothing but ideas for which prototypes can be found somewhere among the traditions of Buddhism, and have been added as elucidations of its main priciples. For those who want to trace the Buddhism of this book to its fountainheat a table of reference has been added, which indicates as briefly as possible the main sources of the various chapters and points out the parallelisms with Western thought, especially in the Christian Gospels

TABLE OF CONTENTS

                        INTRODUCTION

I        Rejoice

II       Samsãra and Nirvãna

III     Truth the Saviour

         PRINCE SIDDHATHA BECOMES BUDDHA

IV     Buddha’s Birth

V      The Ties of Life

VI     The Three woes

VII    Buddha’s Renunciation

VIII  King Bimbisãra

IX     Buddha’s Search

X      Uruvilva, the Place of Mortification

XI     Mara, the Evil One

XII    Enlightenment

XIII  The First Converts

XIV  Brahma’s Request

         FOUNDATION OF THE KINGDOM OF RIGHTEOUSNESS

XV   Upaka

XVI  The Sermon at Benares

XVIIThe Sangha

XVIII  Yashas, the Youth of Benares

XIX  Sending out the Disciples

XX   Kashyapa

XXI  The Sermon at Rajagriha

XXIIThe King’s Gift

XXIII  Shàriputra and Maudgalyàyana

XXIVThe People Dissatisfied

XXV   Anàthapindika

XXVI  The Sermon on Charity

XXVIIBuddha’s father

XXVIII           Yashodharrà

XXIX  Ràhula

XXX   Jetavana

         CONSOLIDATION OF BUDDHA’S RELIGION

XXXI  Jivaka, the Physician

XXXIIBuddha’s Parents Attain Nirvana

XXXIII           Women Admitted to the Sangha

XXXIV           The Bhikshus Conduct Toward Women

XXXV            Vishãkhã

XXXVI           The Upavasatha and Prâtimôksha

XXXVII          The Schism

XXXVIII        The Re-establishment of Concord

XXXIX           The Bhikshus Rebuked

XL    Dêvadatta

XLI   The Goal

XLIIMiracles Forbidden

XLIII   The Vanity of Worldliness

XLIV   Secrecy and Publicity

XLVThe Annihilation of Suffering

XLVI   The Ten Commandments

XLVIIThe Preacher’s Mission

         BUDDHA, THE TEACHER

XLVIII            The Dharmapada

XLIX The Two Brahmans

L.            Guard the Six Quarters

LI. Simha’s Question Concerning Annihilation

LII    All Existence is Spiritual

LIII   Identity and Non-Identity

LIV   Buddha, Not Gautama

LV    One Essence, One Law, One Aim

LVI   The Lesson Given to Râhula

LVIIThe Sermon on Abuse

LVIII   Buddha Replies to the Dêva

LIX   Words f Instruction

LX    Amitâbha

LXI   The Teacher Unknown

         PARABLES AND STORIES

LXIIParables

LXIII   The Burning Mansion

LXIV   The Man born Blind

LXV    The Lost son

LXVI   The Giddy Fish

LXVIIThe Cruel Crane Outwitted

LXVIII            Four Kinds of Merit

LXIX   the Light of the World

LXXLuxurious Living

LXXI   The Communication of Bliss

LXXIIThe Listless Fool

LXXIII            Rescue in the Desert

LXXIV            Buddha, the Sower

LXXVThe Outcast

LXXVI            The Woman at the Well

LXXVII          The peacemaker

LXXVIII         The Hungry dog

LXXIX            The Despot

LXXXVâsavadatta

LXXXI The Mariage-Feast in Jâmbunada

LXXXII          A Party in search for a Thief

LXXXIII         In the Realm of Yamarâja

LXXXIV         The Mustard Seed

LXXXV          Following the Master Over the Stream

LXXXVI         The Sick Bhikshu

         THE LAS DAYS

LXXXVII       The Conditions of Welfare

LXXXVIII      Upright conduct

LXXXIX         Pâtaliputra

XC   Shâriputra’s Faith

XCI  The Mirror of Truth

XCIIAmbapâli

XCIII   Buddha’s Farewell Address

XCIV  Buddha Annouces his death

XCV   Chunda, the Smith

XCVI  Maitreya

XCVIIBuddha’s Death

         CONCLUSION

XCVIII            The three personalities of Buddha

XCIX  The Purpose of Being

C      The Praise of All the Buddhas

Table of Reference

Abbreviations in the Table of Reference

Glossary of Names and Terms

Pronunciation

Index

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