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BUDDHISM IN TIBET

 By EMIL  SCHLAGITWEIT, LL.D

Preface

The religious systems of all ages – paganism in its rudest form perhaps accepted – have undergone charges and modifications which, if not materially affecting their principles, have at least exercised a certain influence upon their development. Buddhism may be considered a remarkable illustration of this; for not only have the rites suffered notable changes, but even the dogmas themselves have, in the course of time, become much altered. Although plain and simple in the earlier stages of its existence, it was in the time greatly modified by the successive introduction of new doctrines, laws, and rites; so-called reformers arose, who assembled around them a greater or less number of followers; and these by degrees formed schools, which by-and-by developed into sects. The shifting of its original seat also exercised a considerable influence: the difference between a tropical and a cold and desert region and between the physical character of tribes separated by the distinctive marks of the Arian and Turanian races had to be smoothed over, partly at least, and obliterated by the influence of time.

I may be allowed to mention that I had the honour of presenting to the Royal Academy of Munich the Address to the Buddhas of Confession (contained in Chapter XI.), a sacred imploration, of which a translation in German was inserted in the Proceedings of this Institution ( February , 1863).

CONTENTS

PART I.

THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS OF BUDDHISM

SECTION I

INDIAN BUDDHISM

CHAPTER I: SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF SAKYAMUNI, THE FOUNDEROF BUDDHISM

CHAPTER II: GRADUAL RISE AND PRESENT AREA OF THE BUDDHIST RELIGION

CHAPTER III: THE RELIGION SYSTEM OF SAKYAMUNI

CHAPTER IV: THE HINAVANA SYSTEM

CHAPTER V: THE MAHAYANA SYSTEM

CHAPTER VI:THE SYSTEM MYSTICISM

SECTION II

TIBETAN BUDDHISM

CHAPTER VII: HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF BUDDHISM INTO TIBET

CHAPTER VIII: THE SACRED LITERATURE

CHAPTER IX: VIEWS ON METEMPSYCHORIS

CHAPTER X: DETAILS CHARACTERISTIC OF THE RELIGION OF THE PEOPLE

CHAPTER XI: TRANSLATIONS OF AN ADDRESS TO THE BUDDHAS OF CONPRESSION

PART II

PRESENT LAMAIC INSTITUTIONS

CHAPTER XII: THE TIBETAN PRIESTHOOD

CHAPTER XIII: THE RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS AND MONUMENTS

CHAPTER XIV: REPRESENTATION OF BUDDHIST DEITIES

CHATER XV:WORSHIP OF THE DEITIES, AND RELIGIOUS CEREMONIES

CHPATER XVI: THE SYSTEMS OF RECKONING TIME

CHAPTER XVII: DESCRIPION OF VARIOUS TABLES USED FOR ASTROLOGICAL PURPOSES

APPENDIX

A.   LITERATURE

B.   GLOSSARY OF TIBETAN TERMS

C.   ADDITION TO THE ADDRESS TO THE BUDDHAS OF CONFESSION

INDEX

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